We examined a case of a 51-year-old Ugandan man who experienced recurring lower limb weakness linked to pernicious anemia, an autoimmune condition causing vitamin B12 deficiency. After initial treatments, his symptoms reappeared, leading to further testing that confirmed the diagnosis.
Treatment with vitamin B12 injections significantly improved his condition. This case emphasizes the need for healthcare providers to recognize the signs of vitamin B12 deficiency early, particularly in resource-limited settings, to ensure timely diagnosis and treatment.
Read More
9
B12 treatment for autoimmune disorder
Neurological and Cardiovascular Complications Revealing Biermer's Disease: A Case Report.
We explored the intriguing case of a 56-year-old man diagnosed with Biermer's disease, also known as pernicious anemia, an autoimmune condition that leads to a lack of intrinsic factor and, consequently, vitamin B12 malabsorption. This patient presented with unusual symptoms: not just digestive concerns like melena, but also notable neurological effects such as memory issues and gait disturbances.
During our examination, we discovered symptoms indicative of cerebellar ataxia, along with a red and swollen limb that pointed toward deep vein thrombosis (DVT). The tests revealed severe macrocytic anemia and confirmed a deficiency in vitamin B12 while keeping folate levels normal. Following a thorough diagnosis—including gastroscopy, ultrasound, and blood tests—we initiated a treatment plan that included vitamin B12 supplementation and anticoagulant therapy.
The outcome of our intervention was promising, with significant clinical improvement observed in the patient’s condition. Our findings reinforce the essential role of vitamin B12 in managing this type of autoimmune disorder, particularly when neurological and cardiovascular complications arise.
Read More
8
Vitamin B12 may treat arthritis
Vitamin B12 inhibits peptidylarginine deiminases and ameliorates rheumatoid arthritis in CAIA mice.
We investigated the potential of vitamin B12 as a treatment for rheumatoid arthritis, particularly focusing on its ability to target an enzyme called peptidylarginine deiminase isoform 4 (PADI-4). PADI-4 plays a crucial role in a process called citrullination, which is often disrupted in autoimmune conditions like rheumatoid arthritis.
Our findings revealed that vitamin B12 effectively inhibits PADI-4, showing a preference for this enzyme over another similar one, PADI-2. This inhibition corresponds to a decrease in overall cellular citrullination, including the citrullination of histone H3, which is also mediated by PADI-4.
Additionally, we observed that hydroxocobalamin, a special form of vitamin B12, significantly reduced the severity of collagen type II antibody-induced arthritis in mice. It also lowered the expression of key inflammatory factors and cytokines associated with rheumatoid arthritis, such as IL-17A, TNFα, and IL-6.
These promising results suggest that vitamin B12 might be an effective therapeutic avenue for managing rheumatoid arthritis, warranting further investigation in future studies.
Read More
Most Useful Reviews
10
Highly effective B12
3 people found this helpful
Only thing that actually works. I had really low B12 levels (around 190) and had been taking other 1000mg cyanocobalamin tablets before breakfast daily for months. Despite this, my low levels persisted, so my doctor prescribed me 1000mg cyanocobalamin injections weekly for two months. However, my levels remained unchanged. Desperate, I decided to try these tablets, and they are genuinely the only thing that has worked for me. They keep my B12 levels high and taste great! I highly recommend these to anyone - nothing else works as effectively, even compared to injections!
Read More
9
Regulated nervous system
2 people found this helpful
I’ve been a raw vegan and experienced a severe B12 deficiency, leading me to order SOLGAR's B12 multiple times. This product has significantly helped to address my nerve issues as well as eliminating my constant fatigue. I now keep a bottle at home as essential backup.
Read More
9
Nerve issues resolved
2 people found this helpful
Superb product for vitamin B12 deficiency. This product has been exceptionally effective for me. As a raw vegan, I had been lacking B12 for several years without any supplements, which led to severe nerve system problems. Since I started using Methylcobalamin (B12) 5000 mcg/60 nuggets for several months now, all those issues have slowly vanished, and I feel much better. I ordered the B12 bottle on August 21, 2017, and it arrived in Europe by August 30. Quite fast, just within eight days! - D. Gelo, Croatia.
We explored the impact of vitamin B12 on patients with autoimmune disorders, particularly those experiencing symptoms often attributed to their underlying conditions. The study presented three cases of individuals with neuropathic pain, depression, fatigue, and muscle weakness, who had their symptoms initially misattributed to rheumatic diseases.
Upon starting vitamin B12 supplementation, these patients showed nearly complete resolution of their symptoms, highlighting the potential benefits of this vitamin in treating related health issues. Interestingly, several participants did not display obvious deficiencies in vitamin B12 levels according to lab tests, suggesting that even those who appear to have sufficient levels could still benefit from supplementation.
Furthermore, we delved into research indicating the nerve-protective properties of vitamin B12, which could play a crucial role in managing pain and neuropathy associated with long-standing rheumatic diseases. Therefore, we recommend that healthcare providers consider checking vitamin B12 levels early in the diagnostic journey for autoimmune conditions, and think about offering supplementation regardless of laboratory findings.
Read More
9
Pernicious anemia diagnosis and treatment
Rural health challenges in Western Uganda: pernicious anemia masquerading as recurrent lower limb weakness-a case report.
We examined a case of a 51-year-old Ugandan man who experienced recurring lower limb weakness linked to pernicious anemia, an autoimmune condition causing vitamin B12 deficiency. After initial treatments, his symptoms reappeared, leading to further testing that confirmed the diagnosis.
Treatment with vitamin B12 injections significantly improved his condition. This case emphasizes the need for healthcare providers to recognize the signs of vitamin B12 deficiency early, particularly in resource-limited settings, to ensure timely diagnosis and treatment.
Read More
9
Case of combined autoimmune disorders
Coexistence of Guillain-Barré Syndrome and Subacute Combined Degeneration of the Spinal Cord Due to Autoimmune Gastritis: A Case Report and Literature Review.
We examined a fascinating case of a 54-year-old man experiencing the rare overlap of Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS) and autoimmune gastritis. After a thorough medical evaluation, which included MRI and biopsy, he was diagnosed with both GBS and a vitamin B12 deficiency linked to atrophic gastritis.
Treatment with intravenous immunoglobulin and methylcobalamin (vitamin B12) led to substantial improvement in his symptoms. This case highlights the importance of recognizing potential nutrient deficiencies, especially those impacting autoimmune disorders like GBS and autoimmune gastritis.
Read More
9
B12 treatment for autoimmune disorder
Neurological and Cardiovascular Complications Revealing Biermer's Disease: A Case Report.
We explored the intriguing case of a 56-year-old man diagnosed with Biermer's disease, also known as pernicious anemia, an autoimmune condition that leads to a lack of intrinsic factor and, consequently, vitamin B12 malabsorption. This patient presented with unusual symptoms: not just digestive concerns like melena, but also notable neurological effects such as memory issues and gait disturbances.
During our examination, we discovered symptoms indicative of cerebellar ataxia, along with a red and swollen limb that pointed toward deep vein thrombosis (DVT). The tests revealed severe macrocytic anemia and confirmed a deficiency in vitamin B12 while keeping folate levels normal. Following a thorough diagnosis—including gastroscopy, ultrasound, and blood tests—we initiated a treatment plan that included vitamin B12 supplementation and anticoagulant therapy.
The outcome of our intervention was promising, with significant clinical improvement observed in the patient’s condition. Our findings reinforce the essential role of vitamin B12 in managing this type of autoimmune disorder, particularly when neurological and cardiovascular complications arise.
Read More
8
Vitamin B predicts GBS prognosis
Correlation of Serum Vitamin B and Muscle Enzyme (CK-NAC) Level with Severity of Guillain-Barre Syndrome and Its Prediction in Respiratory Failure.
We examined the levels of vitamin B and creatine kinase (CK-NAC) in 50 patients with Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS). Through clinical assessments, we compared the patients' functional abilities and found that a deficiency in vitamin B was linked to greater disease severity and respiratory complications.
However, while vitamin B levels seemed to offer insight into GBS prognosis, elevated CK-NAC levels did not show a significant correlation with disease severity. This points towards the importance of monitoring vitamin B as a potential prognostic tool in managing GBS.
Only thing that actually works. I had really low B12 levels (around 190) and had been taking other 1000mg cyanocobalamin tablets before breakfast daily for months. Despite this, my low levels persisted, so my doctor prescribed me 1000mg cyanocobalamin injections weekly for two months. However, my levels remained unchanged. Desperate, I decided to try these tablets, and they are genuinely the only thing that has worked for me. They keep my B12 levels high and taste great! I highly recommend these to anyone - nothing else works as effectively, even compared to injections!
Read More
9
Regulated nervous system
2 people found this helpful
I’ve been a raw vegan and experienced a severe B12 deficiency, leading me to order SOLGAR's B12 multiple times. This product has significantly helped to address my nerve issues as well as eliminating my constant fatigue. I now keep a bottle at home as essential backup.
Read More
9
Nerve issues resolved
2 people found this helpful
Superb product for vitamin B12 deficiency. This product has been exceptionally effective for me. As a raw vegan, I had been lacking B12 for several years without any supplements, which led to severe nerve system problems. Since I started using Methylcobalamin (B12) 5000 mcg/60 nuggets for several months now, all those issues have slowly vanished, and I feel much better. I ordered the B12 bottle on August 21, 2017, and it arrived in Europe by August 30. Quite fast, just within eight days! - D. Gelo, Croatia.
Read More
9
Quick delivery
최고의 제품! The product was arranged perfectly and packed well, and I can definitely feel the effect! I will order more! It was delivered quickly.
Read More
7.5
Effective relief
10 people found this helpful
While I use 5000 micrograms of B12 by cutting it in half, I found it effective for my emotional panic disorder. Whenever I feel nervous, I place a half dose under my tongue, and the relief is almost immediate. I hope my experience assists others dealing with similar symptoms in reclaiming their lives!
An autoimmune disorder occurs when the body's immune system mistakenly attacks its own healthy cells and tissues, believing them to be foreign invaders, such as bacteria or viruses. This reaction can lead to inflammation, tissue damage, and impaired function of the affected organs. There are over 80 known autoimmune diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, multiple sclerosis, and type 1 diabetes, each with its own specific symptoms and treatment options. The exact cause of these disorders is still unclear, but a combination of genetic, environmental, and hormonal factors is believed to play a role in their development.
Diagnosis of autoimmune disorders often involves a combination of physical examinations, assessment of symptoms, blood tests, and imaging studies to evaluate organ involvement. Treatment typically focuses on managing symptoms and controlling the immune response using medications such as corticosteroids, immunosuppressants, and biologics. In addition to medication, lifestyle modifications, such as stress management and a balanced diet, can be beneficial in managing symptoms. If you suspect you have an autoimmune condition, it's important to consult a healthcare professional for proper evaluation and tailored treatment options.
Vitamin B12, also known as cobalamin, is a water-soluble vitamin that plays a crucial role in several vital functions in the human body. It is essential for red blood cell formation, neurological function, and DNA synthesis. Naturally occurring in animal products, the vitamin can be found in high concentrations in meat, fish, eggs, and dairy, making it particularly important for those following a vegetarian or vegan diet, as plant-based sources of B12 are limited and often require supplementation.
A deficiency in vitamin B12 can lead to serious health issues, including anemia, fatigue, memory problems, and nerve damage. Due to its significance, it's crucial for individuals, particularly those at risk of deficiency, to ensure adequate intake through diet or supplementation. For most adults, the recommended daily allowance (RDA) is around 2.4 micrograms, though pregnant or breastfeeding women may require higher amounts. If you're considering B12 supplements, it's advisable to consult with a healthcare provider to determine the best option for your specific needs and health status.
Based on user reviews, the time it takes to see results from vitamin B12 supplements can vary significantly, but many users report noticeable improvements within weeks to a few months. For instance, one user indicated that since starting a B12 supplement, their severe nerve system problems had slowly vanished over several months of use Read Review. Another review mentioned that after taking the supplements consistently for a while, the user experienced a boost in energy and saw their B12 levels normalize Read Review.
Users have also noted immediate effects, particularly for emotional issues. One respondent found that taking a half-dose under the tongue provided almost instant relief from nervous feelings Read Review. Overall, while some users may feel the benefits quite rapidly, the consensus suggests that consistent use over several weeks is often needed to achieve optimal results, particularly for chronic deficiencies.
Vitamin B supplementation is increasingly recognized for its potential benefits in managing various autoimmune disorders, with several studies highlighting its importance. For instance, research involving patients with Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS) found that those with vitamin B deficiencies experienced greater disease severity, indicating the necessity of monitoring B vitamin levels as a potential prognostic tool in managing this condition [1]. Additionally, vitamin B12 treatment has proven effective in cases of pernicious anemia, an autoimmune disorder where absorption issues hinder nutrient intake, significantly improving neurological symptoms when supplemented [2][4].
Further investigations have established a link between dietary intake of vitamin B12 and autoimmune gastritis, suggesting that a diet rich in this vitamin can protect against AIG, thereby emphasizing nutrition's role in autoimmune disorders [3]. Moreover, studies have shown that vitamin B12 supplementation can alleviate symptoms associated with various autoimmune conditions, such as rheumatoid arthritis, by inhibiting specific enzymes related to inflammation [14]. While the exact effects of vitamin B12 as a standalone treatment for broader autoimmune diseases require more research, its contributions to managing associated symptoms underscore its significance in autoimmune care frameworks.
Users report a range of significant improvements in their symptoms after using vitamin B12 supplements. Several individuals who had experienced severe deficiencies noted dramatic relief from symptoms associated with nerve damage and chronic fatigue. For example, one user mentioned that their ongoing nerve issues completely disappeared after several months of consistent use of the supplement, which was particularly transformative given their raw vegan diet leading to prolonged B12 deficiency Read Review. Another user highlighted a notable reduction in fatigue and nerve-related problems, suggesting the product has played a crucial role in their recovery Read Review.
Moreover, users with emotional challenges, such as panic disorders, reported immediate benefits, finding that even a half dose could provide quick relief from nervous feelings Read Review. Others have commented on the overall enhancement of energy levels and well-being after supplementing their diet with B12, illustrating how each individual's experience may vary but can include encouraging and transformative changes in health Read Review. Overall, while results can vary, many users advocate for the effectiveness of these supplements in addressing their specific deficiencies and symptoms.
Based on user reviews, there are mixed but generally positive experiences regarding the combination of this vitamin B12 supplement with other therapies for managing symptoms related to autoimmune disorders. Several users have noted that the B12 supplement has effectively addressed their symptoms, including nerve issues and fatigue, after struggling with deficiencies, often despite previous attempts with other forms of B12, such as injections or standard tablets Read Review. One user emphasized that after incorporating these supplements into their routine, they experienced significant improvements in nerve-related ailments and fatigue, attributing their successful recovery to this specific product Read Review.
In addition to physical symptoms, some users have reported positive effects on emotional well-being, particularly for conditions like panic disorders. For instance, one user found that sublingually administering a half-dose provided quick relief from nervous feelings, suggesting that these supplements can play a complementary role in managing both physical and emotional challenges Read Review. Overall, while the experiences vary, many users advocate for the efficacy of this B12 supplement when combined with or used in place of other treatments, especially for individuals facing challenges from autoimmune-related issues.
Based on user reviews, the right dose of B12 for treating autoimmune disorders varies, with some users finding different levels to be effective. For instance, one user reported that they experienced significant improvements in their condition after switching from 1000 mg injections to a supplement they found more effective, stating it was the "only thing that actually works" for them against their low B12 levels (Read Review). Others also mentioned success with lower doses, such as using 5000 mcg of Methylcobalamin, which helped alleviate nerve issues and fatigue associated with their dietary restrictions, like being raw vegan (Read Review).
Some users reported taking two pills weekly or half of a 5000 mcg dose for immediate relief from anxiety and improved emotional health, indicating that individual needs vary greatly depending on personal health circumstances. The consensus seems to suggest that higher doses may be necessary for those with severe deficiencies or specific health issues, while lower doses can be effective for maintenance or mild deficiency (Read Review). Ultimately, users emphasize the importance of finding the right dosage that works for their unique health situations.
9
Nerve issues resolved
2 people found this helpful
Superb product for vitamin B12 deficiency. This product has been exceptionally effective for me. As a raw vegan, I had been lacking B12 for several years without any supplements, which led to severe nerve system problems. Since I started using Methylcobalamin (B12) 5000 mcg/60 nuggets for several months now, all those issues have slowly vanished, and I feel much better. I ordered the B12 bottle on August 21, 2017, and it arrived in Europe by August 30. Quite fast, just within eight days! - D. Gelo, Croatia.
7.5
Improved health
6 people found this helpful
As a vegetarian for a decade, I became concerned about my B12 levels. I took two pills weekly, aiming to boost my vitamin level according to my analysis. Consequently, my health has improved, energy has surged, and my B12 levels are now normal.
7.5
Effective relief
10 people found this helpful
While I use 5000 micrograms of B12 by cutting it in half, I found it effective for my emotional panic disorder. Whenever I feel nervous, I place a half dose under my tongue, and the relief is almost immediate. I hope my experience assists others dealing with similar symptoms in reclaiming their lives!
9
Regulated nervous system
2 people found this helpful
I’ve been a raw vegan and experienced a severe B12 deficiency, leading me to order SOLGAR's B12 multiple times. This product has significantly helped to address my nerve issues as well as eliminating my constant fatigue. I now keep a bottle at home as essential backup.
10
Highly effective B12
3 people found this helpful
Only thing that actually works. I had really low B12 levels (around 190) and had been taking other 1000mg cyanocobalamin tablets before breakfast daily for months. Despite this, my low levels persisted, so my doctor prescribed me 1000mg cyanocobalamin injections weekly for two months. However, my levels remained unchanged. Desperate, I decided to try these tablets, and they are genuinely the only thing that has worked for me. They keep my B12 levels high and taste great! I highly recommend these to anyone - nothing else works as effectively, even compared to injections!
8
Vitamin B predicts GBS prognosis
Correlation of Serum Vitamin B and Muscle Enzyme (CK-NAC) Level with Severity of Guillain-Barre Syndrome and Its Prediction in Respiratory Failure.
We examined the levels of vitamin B and creatine kinase (CK-NAC) in 50 patients with Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS). Through clinical assessments, we compared the patients' functional abilities and found that a deficiency in vitamin B was linked to greater disease severity and respiratory complications.
However, while vitamin B levels seemed to offer insight into GBS prognosis, elevated CK-NAC levels did not show a significant correlation with disease severity. This points towards the importance of monitoring vitamin B as a potential prognostic tool in managing GBS.
7
Case on B12 and autoimmune relation
A long-standing undiagnosed case of vitamin B12 deficiency: a case report.
We explored a fascinating case of a 40-year-old woman suffering from long-standing, unclear symptoms, initially misdiagnosed with various conditions. After years of monitoring, her critically low vitamin B12 levels were finally recognized, revealing pernicious anemia as the root cause.
Thanks to treatment with B12 injections, we observed significant improvement in her neurological symptoms. This case illustrates the need for thorough evaluations in patients with non-specific symptoms, as addressing vitamin B12 deficiency can lead to meaningful improvements—even when classic signs are absent.
9
Pernicious anemia diagnosis and treatment
Rural health challenges in Western Uganda: pernicious anemia masquerading as recurrent lower limb weakness-a case report.
We examined a case of a 51-year-old Ugandan man who experienced recurring lower limb weakness linked to pernicious anemia, an autoimmune condition causing vitamin B12 deficiency. After initial treatments, his symptoms reappeared, leading to further testing that confirmed the diagnosis.
Treatment with vitamin B12 injections significantly improved his condition. This case emphasizes the need for healthcare providers to recognize the signs of vitamin B12 deficiency early, particularly in resource-limited settings, to ensure timely diagnosis and treatment.
7
AIG risk linked to diet factors
Risk Factors Analysis and Predictive Model Construction for Autoimmune Gastritis: A Nationwide Multicenter Case-Control Study in China.
We explored the clinical characteristics of Chinese patients with autoimmune gastritis (AIG), focusing on how dietary and lifestyle factors influence its occurrence.
In a comprehensive case-control study involving 479 participants, we discovered that a diet rich in vitamin B12 may help protect against AIG. Interestingly, factors like cooking oil usage and autoimmune thyroid disease increased AIG risk.
Our findings suggest that what we eat and our lifestyle choices can significantly impact the development and prognosis of autoimmune gastritis.
8
Vitamin B12 may treat arthritis
Vitamin B12 inhibits peptidylarginine deiminases and ameliorates rheumatoid arthritis in CAIA mice.
We investigated the potential of vitamin B12 as a treatment for rheumatoid arthritis, particularly focusing on its ability to target an enzyme called peptidylarginine deiminase isoform 4 (PADI-4). PADI-4 plays a crucial role in a process called citrullination, which is often disrupted in autoimmune conditions like rheumatoid arthritis.
Our findings revealed that vitamin B12 effectively inhibits PADI-4, showing a preference for this enzyme over another similar one, PADI-2. This inhibition corresponds to a decrease in overall cellular citrullination, including the citrullination of histone H3, which is also mediated by PADI-4.
Additionally, we observed that hydroxocobalamin, a special form of vitamin B12, significantly reduced the severity of collagen type II antibody-induced arthritis in mice. It also lowered the expression of key inflammatory factors and cytokines associated with rheumatoid arthritis, such as IL-17A, TNFα, and IL-6.
These promising results suggest that vitamin B12 might be an effective therapeutic avenue for managing rheumatoid arthritis, warranting further investigation in future studies.
References
Jatav VS, Sardana V, Bhushan B, Maheshwari D, Garg S, et al. Correlation of Serum Vitamin B and Muscle Enzyme (CK-NAC) Level with Severity of Guillain-Barre Syndrome and Its Prediction in Respiratory Failure. J Assoc Physicians India. 2025;73:48. doi:10.59556/japi.73.0892
Mesgarankarimi A, Rezapour M, Tabrizi N. A long-standing undiagnosed case of vitamin B12 deficiency: a case report. J Med Case Rep. 2025;19:151. doi:10.1186/s13256-025-05149-7
Ma XY, Hao Y, Xie YH, Cao Q, Sun DF, et al. Risk Factors Analysis and Predictive Model Construction for Autoimmune Gastritis: A Nationwide Multicenter Case-Control Study in China. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2025. doi:10.1111/jgh.16912
Mswelo VE, David MM, Banturaki A, Munyambalu DK, Hassan HA, et al. Rural health challenges in Western Uganda: pernicious anemia masquerading as recurrent lower limb weakness-a case report. J Med Case Rep. 2025;19:60. doi:10.1186/s13256-025-05095-4
Xiang H, Cai M. Coexistence of Guillain-Barré Syndrome and Subacute Combined Degeneration of the Spinal Cord Due to Autoimmune Gastritis: A Case Report and Literature Review. Cureus. 2024;16:e63084. doi:10.7759/cureus.63084
Pluvinage JV, Ngo T, Fouassier C, McDonagh M, Holmes BB, et al. Transcobalamin receptor antibodies in autoimmune vitamin B12 central deficiency. Sci Transl Med. 2024;16:eadl3758. doi:10.1126/scitranslmed.adl3758
Subtil J, Carvalho R, Rebelo AF, Subtil P. Autoimmune Polyglandular Syndrome Type 3: A Case Report. Cureus. 2024;16:e76152. doi:10.7759/cureus.76152
Mansour M, Shamasnah A, Alsaadi D, Abu Saif S, Krama A. Evans syndrome as a presentation in systemic lupus erythematous, coexisting with Hashimoto's thyroiditis and pernicious anemia: a case report. J Med Case Rep. 2024;18:643. doi:10.1186/s13256-024-05002-3
Hijjawi N, Tout FS, Azaizeh B, Aljaafreh B. The role of vitamins D, B12, C, and K in modulating inflammation and disease management in rheumatoid arthritis: a comprehensive review. Clin Rheumatol. 2025;44:591. doi:10.1007/s10067-024-07285-9
Lang C, Huang P, Gao J, Chen Y, He Z. Co-existence of autoimmune polyglandular syndrome type 3b and undifferentiated connective tissue disease with subacute combined degeneration of spinal cord in children: a case report and literature review. BMC Pediatr. 2024;24:817. doi:10.1186/s12887-024-05262-4
Haddad F, Boukhal Z, El Rhaoussi FZ, Tahiri M, Hliwa W, et al. Neurological and Cardiovascular Complications Revealing Biermer's Disease: A Case Report. Cureus. 2024;16:e58601. doi:10.7759/cureus.58601
Fernandez I, Touzot F. Looking for ALPS: The value of a combined assessment of biochemical markers. Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 2024;35:e14135. doi:10.1111/pai.14135
Yamada H, Toko M, Nakamori M, Ueno H, Aoki S, et al. Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy associated with systemic lupus erythematosus: longitudinal observation of lymphocytes, JC virus in cerebrospinal fluid, and brain magnetic resonance imaging. J Neurovirol. 2024;30:197. doi:10.1007/s13365-024-01203-0
Yang CW, Hsu HY, Lee YZ, Lee SJ. Vitamin B12 inhibits peptidylarginine deiminases and ameliorates rheumatoid arthritis in CAIA mice. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2024;704:149668. doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.149668
Dułak NA, Rytlewska M, Jaskólska M, Chmielewski M. A new perspective on vitamin B12 deficiency in rheumatology: a case-based review. Rheumatol Int. 2024;44:737. doi:10.1007/s00296-024-05539-y